Tech
Apple’s John Ternus will run one of the world’s most powerful companies; the job is a minefield
Over his 15-year reign as Apple’s top banana, Tim Cook has become instantly recognizable, powerful beyond imagination, and exceedingly wealthy. Most estimates peg Cook’s current net worth at roughly $3 billion, assets that he amassed largely through performance-based equity awards as Apple’s market cap has grown more than 11x on his watch to roughly $4 trillion.
But the job comes with plenty of baggage, too. Cook has also had to navigate two Trump administrations and one Biden administration — each with its own posture toward Big Tech, China, and regulation. Cook also faced down the FBI over encryption, spent years in court defending the App Store against accusations that Apple had turned the iPhone into an illegal monopoly, and made compromises to stay in the Chinese market that attracted a whole lot of unwanted attention from human rights groups. Not last, Cook watched the company’s most ambitious hardware bet — the Vision Pro headset — bomb with consumers. That’s saying nothing of AI, where the outcome is still unknown. Incoming CEO John Ternus inherits all of it.
Here’s a walk through some of Cook’s biggest battles over the years.
Surely we all remember that 2016 FBI encryption fight? After a mass shooting at a holiday gathering in San Bernardino, California, the FBI demanded that Apple help unlock the gunman’s iPhone. Cook refused, arguing that encryption was the only meaningful countermeasure against exposing people’s private data and that being forced to break it would set a dangerous precedent. The standoff eventually ended when the FBI found another way in, but it cemented Apple’s identity as a privacy company and set up years of tension with governments around the world. Ternus will inherit that identity and the obligations that come with it.
The App Store antitrust wars haven’t been a walk in the park for Cook, either. Epic Games sued Apple in federal court over its requirement that apps use Apple’s in-app payment system and its 30% cut of sales (and when the judge pressed Cook on why users couldn’t simply pay developers directly at lower prices, his answers did little to deflect her skepticism). Apple largely prevailed in 2021, with the court declining to call it a monopoly, but it was ordered to allow developers to link to external payment options. It complied in the narrowest sense, charging a 27% commission on those external purchases (some discount!), and courts found it in contempt. The Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals upheld that ruling in late 2025, and after a rehearing request was denied last month, Apple is now preparing to petition the Supreme Court, which had already declined to hear its prior appeal. A lower court still must determine what fee Apple can actually charge.
The Epic saga is just one front in a much wider antitrust war. The U.S. Department of Justice sued Apple in March 2024, accusing it of unlawfully dominating the smartphone market by restricting third-party app and device developers — think competing smartwatches, digital wallets, and messaging services — in ways that make it harder for users to switch away from the iPhone. A federal judge denied Apple’s motion to dismiss that case, meaning it could grind through the courts for years. And just this week, Apple revealed it faces a potential $38 billion fine in India, where regulators have found it guilty of abusing its dominant position in the app market and say Apple has refused to hand over required financial data — a case complicated by the fact that Apple’s market share in India is still relatively modest, around 9%, giving it an unusual angle to contest the findings. Ternus inherits this fight mid-stream, with the App Store’s revenue model under direct judicial threat.
China has been a constant and increasingly uncomfortable balancing act, too. Cook built Apple’s manufacturing operation around Chinese supply chains, making the company deeply dependent on a country whose government grew both more assertive and less predictable over time. He also made uncomfortable concessions to operate in the Chinese market — most notably removing VPN apps from the Chinese App Store and storing Chinese users’ iCloud data on state-controlled servers. Cook proved adept during Trump’s first term at insulating Apple from tariffs and trade war risks, in part by cultivating a personal relationship with Trump — who remarked upon news of Cook’s retirement that he’s “an incredible guy!” Apple has already signaled that Cook will continue to help Ternus negotiate geopolitical terrain as executive chairman — an acknowledgment that these relationships are tricky and that Cook’s institutional knowledge remains highly valuable.
Techcrunch event
San Francisco, CA
|
October 13-15, 2026
Yet AI is perhaps the most immediate and unresolved challenge that Ternus is being handed. Apple’s AI chief, John Giannandrea, formally leaves the company this month following numerous delays in the rollout of a more capable AI-powered Siri. Rather than relying solely on its own models, Apple has turned to both Google’s Gemini and OpenAI’s ChatGPT to power some Apple Intelligence features. Longtime market research analyst Bob O’Donnell told Reuters on Monday that Ternus’ biggest challenge will likely be “getting a better AI story and offering together that relies more on Apple’s own capabilities and less on third parties,” though some have argued that the company will look smarter in hindsight for waiting out the expensive competition playing out currently among today’s biggest AI outfits.
Last but not least, executive turnover at Apple more broadly is less discussed but meaningful. Ternus is inheriting a largely rebuilt leadership team following the recent departures of several other Apple execs over the last year, including its longtime COO, general counsel, and head of UI design. It’s a challenge and an opportunity that will require him to put his own stamp on things relatively quickly.
The through line connecting most of these challenges is that Cook’s greatest skill was his ability to manage complicated relationships with governments and partners while keeping the business humming. Whether Ternus has that same skill, or Cook’s continued presence as executive chair is meant to cover for any gaps there, may prove among the more interesting questions of the transition.
A much scarier question hanging over Ternus’ tenure is whether the world that made Apple the most valuable company on the planet could actually end. Many industry watchers believe AI agents will become the primary way people interact with services, rendering the App Store and its 30% cut a distant memory. Couple that with the possibility of compelling new hardware that erodes the iPhone’s grip on our lives, like whatever OpenAI has in the works, and Ternus could find himself maneuvering through much more than complex relationships and litigation.
When you purchase through links in our articles, we may earn a small commission. This doesn’t affect our editorial independence.
Tech
Exclusive: Google deepens Thinking Machines Lab ties with new multi-billion-dollar deal
Former OpenAI executive Mira Murati’s startup, Thinking Machines Lab, has signed a new multi-billion-dollar agreement to expand its use of Google Cloud’s AI infrastructure, including systems powered by Nvidia’s latest GPUs, TechCrunch has exclusively learned.
The deal is valued in the single-digit billions, according to a source familiar with the matter, and includes access to Google’s latest AI systems built atop Nvidia’s new GB300 chips, alongside infrastructure services to support model training and deployment.
Google has been actively striking a number of cloud deals with AI developers as it aims to wrap together its AI computing offerings with other cloud services like storage, a Kubernetes engine, and Spanner, its database product. Earlier this month, Anthropic signed an agreement with Google and Broadcom for multiple gigawatts of tensor processing unit (TPUs) capacity (these are Google’s custom-designed AI chips for machine learning workloads).
But the competition is fierce. Just this week, Anthropic also signed a new agreement with Amazon to secure up to 5 gigawatts of capacity for training and deploying Claude.
Earlier this year, Thinking Machines partnered with Nvidia in a deal that included an investment from the chipmaker. But this is the first time the lab has struck a deal with a cloud services provider. The deal is not exclusive, so Thinking Machines may use multiple cloud providers over time, but it’s still a sign that Google is looking to lock in fast-growing frontier labs early.
Murati left her job as OpenAI’s chief technologist and founded Thinking Machines in February 2025. The company, which soon afterwards raised a $2 billion seed round at a $12 billion valuation, has remained highly secretive, but launched its first product in October. Dubbed Tinker, it’s a tool that automates the creation of custom frontier AI models.
Wednesday’s deal provided some insight into what Thinking Machines is developing. In a press release, Google noted that it can support the startup’s reinforcement learning workloads, which Tinker’s architecture relies on. Reinforcement learning is a training approach that has underpinned recent breakthroughs at labs, including DeepMind and OpenAI, and the scale of the Google Cloud deal reflects how computationally expensive that work can get.
Techcrunch event
San Francisco, CA
|
October 13-15, 2026
Thinking Machines is among the first Google Cloud customers to access its GB300-powered systems, which offer a 2X improvement in training and serving speed compared to prior-generation GPUs, per Google.
“Google Cloud got us running at record speed with the reliability we demand,” Myle Ott, a founding researcher at Thinking Machines, said in a statement.
When you purchase through links in our articles, we may earn a small commission. This doesn’t affect our editorial independence.
Tech
The most interesting startups showcased at Google Cloud Next 2026
Google Cloud Next is taking place this week in Las Vegas, and one clear message has emerged: Google wants AI startups on its cloud. To that end, it made several startup-related announcements.
The most significant is that the tech giant has earmarked a new $750 million budget to help its Cloud partners sell more AI agents to enterprises. This funding is available to partners ranging from startups to the big consulting firms. It can be used for costs like Gemini proof-of-concept projects, Google forward-deployed engineers, cloud credits, and deployment rebates.
Google also highlighted a long list of startups that are using Google Cloud, either newly signed or expanding their footprint. Among them are a few standout names:
Lovable is expanding its use of Google Cloud by launching a new coding agent through Google’s enterprise app marketplace. Lovable is the fast-growing vibe coding startup and was on a $400 million ARR track as of February, it said.
Notion, Silicon Valley’s favorite AI-infused document productivity app, most recently valued at about $11 billion, is using Gemini models to power its text and image generation features.
Gamma, an AI-powered PowerPoint killer recently valued at a $2.1 billion valuation, is using Google’s state-of-the-art image model Nano Banana 2 and other Google Cloud features.
Inferact, the commercial inference startup from the creators of the popular open-source project vLLM, is accessing Nvidia’s GPUs through Google Cloud, in addition to using the tech giant’s AI stack.
Techcrunch event
San Francisco, CA
|
October 13-15, 2026
ComfyUI, the popular open-source tool for creating AI-generated images and multimedia, also offers access to Nano Banana 2 and is using other Cloud features.
Other startups that received the Google Cloud shout-out this year include:
ChorusView, which makes AI-powered smart tags that track the condition and movement of goods in real time.
Emergent AI, a vibe coding platform.
ExaCare AI, which makes AI software for post-acute medical care facilities.
Insilica, which creates AI-generated regulatory-compliant chemical safety reports.
Optii, which makes AI-enhanced hotel operations software.
Parallel AI, which builds web search and research APIs built for AI agents.
Proximal Health, which makes AI-powered software that automates the insurance claims adjudication process.
Reducto, which does AI-powered document parsing.
Stord, which handles e-commerce fulfillment and parcel operations.
Stylitics, which makes AI image generation software for retailers for tasks like outfit styling and product bundles.
Temporal, a developer cloud environment built to prevent failures.
Vapi, which makes dev tools for building conversational voice agents.
Vurvey Labs, which conducts synthetic market research via AI agents.
Wand, an in-game assistant for single-player PC games.
Watershed, which makes software that helps enterprises report on and manage sustainability programs.
ZenBusiness, an all-in-one back-office tool for small businesses that includes an AI chat assistant.
When you purchase through links in our articles, we may earn a small commission. This doesn’t affect our editorial independence.
Tech
Duolingo is now giving free users access to advanced learning content
Duolingo announced on Wednesday that its advanced language learning content is now available for free across nine languages: English, Spanish, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Japanese, Korean, and Chinese. Users can access this content through the web, iOS, and Android devices.
This advanced content is at the B2 level on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR), which is the international standard for language skills that schools and employers recognize. B2 level content refers to learning materials without translations, complex scenarios, and specialized vocabulary.
The new offering will include features like “Advanced Stories,” which helps with reading comprehension, and DuoRadio, a podcast-like audio experience for listening comprehension.
Now that Duolingo users can tap into this advanced learning content for free, they can level up their skills, whether that’s practicing for job interviews, prepping for studying abroad, or tackling complex news articles, films, and books without relying on translations.
The company says this positions it as the only free app to offer advanced-level learning across these nine languages at no cost. While competitors like Babbel and Busuu offer advanced courses, they typically require paid subscriptions. For instance, Busuu has some CEFR-aligned courses up to the B2 level, but the free version is pretty limited and doesn’t offer lessons like grammar explanations, so users need to pay for full access.
Previously, Duolingo only provided free courses that capped at A2 or B1 levels, mainly focusing on basic communication skills.
The company is positioning this free advanced learning offering as an enticing opportunity for job seekers, framing language learning as a practical pathway to improving employability in an increasingly global workforce.
Techcrunch event
San Francisco, CA
|
October 13-15, 2026
This comes at a time when the job market remains highly competitive and overall growth has slowed. Research from the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages shows that learning a second language can raise someone’s employability by as much as 50%.
“Reaching job-ready proficiency in a new language used to be out of reach for most people,” Bozena Pajak, head of learning science at Duolingo, said in a statement. “It took years of expensive classes or immersive experiences that not everyone could access.”
Duolingo’s decision to offer advanced learning for free is also a strategy to increase its free user base. In its Q4 earnings report, the company stated that it has 52.7 million daily active users, demonstrating 30% growth compared to the previous year. This number is higher than its paid subscriber base, which stands at 12.2 million. However, Duolingo’s shares fell after the company projected that the year-over-year bookings growth rate for Q2 2026 is expected to experience a slight decline.
When you purchase through links in our articles, we may earn a small commission. This doesn’t affect our editorial independence.
Giancarlo Stanton, Yankees shut out rival Red Sox to open trip
Thunder to read their 'menu' in anticipating Suns' Game 2 adjustments
